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The next speaker in this session at the 2026 Association of Internet Researchers conference in Mexico City is the great Bruna Paroni, whose focus is on the 2018 and 2022 presidential elections in Brazil; the former elected the far-right anti-establishment candidate Jair Bolsonaro, while the latter saw the return of leftist Lula.

This same period also saw significant changes to the Facebook algorithm, from a downranking of news during 2018 through the emergency measures enacted after the 2020 US presidential election and coup attempt to a 2022 reduction of ‘political’ content (by some nebulous in-house definition) in users’ personal feeds …

The final panel for today at the 2026 Association of Internet Researchers conference in Mexico City involves quite a number of colleagues from my team at the QUT Digital Media Research Centre, and we start with Vish Padinjar, whose focus is on trajectories of radicalisation on Reddit. This focusses especially on the GamerGate misogynistic harassment campaign in 2014, which snowballed into a broader Manosphere campaign of harassment targetting supposed ‘social justice warriors’.

Vish explores this through Reddit discussions from January 2014 to December 2016 across several gaming-related, toxic masculine, and feminist subreddits. What happened here is a form of radicalisation …

The next speaker in this session at the 2026 Association of Internet Researchers conference in Mexico City is Rory Sharp. His focus is on 5G conspiracy theories, which extend well beyond the normative definition of 5G as a communications technology. There is here a general sense that 5G is a compromised form: that it is tainted by technological hype and paranoia.

There is a difference here between conspiracist and conspiratorial ideation, too: 5G conspiracy theories are not conspiratorial. Most of these link back in some way to a post by notorious Twitter account @dril, which in itself commented on a …

The next speaker in this session at the 2026 Association of Internet Researchers conference in Mexico City is Lena Kostuj, whose focus is also on the understandings of AI in conspiracist communities. Such communities have always tried to make sense of technologies, and are now turning their interest towards artificial intelligence as well – this produces a form of algorithmic folklore, both about as well as created by and through algorithms, which shapes how these groups relate to AI technologies.

The focus here is on the German conspiracy theorist Christian Köhlert, who is especially popular on Telegram and YouTube; he …

The next speaker in this session at the 2026 Association of Internet Researchers conference in Mexico City is Calum Lister Matheson, whose focus is also on conspiracy theories; these are driven by psychological factors, but also substantially facilitated by the information access provided by Internet technologies – from hypertext through search to AI. This has resulted in the demise of symbolic efficiency.

This can be understood through paranoid-metonymies theory: it begins with foreclosure that rejects organising signifiers, fills the gaps with delusion, and produces certainty and a commitment to absolute truth beyond the evidence. In conspiracy culture, this works through …

The next session at the 2026 Association of Internet Researchers conference in Mexico City is on conspiracy theories, with a focus especially on UFOs and UAPs. We start with an introduction by Marco Bastos. This has produces several hypotheses: especially, about UFOs as cover for military black ops; or about UFOs as a real, alien phenomenon. This hardly matters any more, though, because UFO claims also feed into an arms race in space technologies.

The rise of conspiracy theories also contributes to democratic backsliding: they tie into perceptions of a lack in transparency in democratic processes, especially in the US …

And the final speaker in this session at the 2026 Association of Internet Researchers conference in Mexico City is the fabulous Raul Ferrer-Conill, whose focus is on the use of news in AI formats. This represents a new form of platform pressure, similar perhaps to earlier pressures to have news presented on social media platforms: now AI products are also being used to access news content, and news providers are forced to respond to this.

To date, news has appeared in AI largely because Ai companies have scraped news content from news Websites; this is governed (at least in principle) …

The next speaker in this session at the 2026 Association of Internet Researchers conference in Mexico City is Destiny Hopkins, whose focus is on the terminology and identity of news influencers who have no formal journalism background or education. Such influencers have become increasingly prominent in US politics, and news influencers were invited to the Democratic National Congress alongside legitimate journalists, for instance.

This was seen critically by journalists and news organisations, of course, resulting in pushback from the influencers themselves; they pointed out the boundary work done by journalists to distinguish themselves from influencers, in particular. This is an …

The next speaker in this session at the 2026 Association of Internet Researchers conference in Mexico City is Sally Tuomola, whose interest is in the produsage activities of Finnish news influencers on YouTube, Instagram, and Spotify. Her project engaged in semi-structured thematic interviews with 20 such influencers across the political spectrum, combined with digital trace data. These were chosen based on their self-presentation as correcting and countering mainstream journalism.

News influencers have been understood as doing boundary work in the journalistic field, critiquing or threatening mainstream journalism and positioning themselves as peripheral actors with distinct personas. Such news influencers engage …

The next speaker in this session at the 2026 Association of Internet Researchers conference in Mexico City is the great Eddy Hurcombe, presenting a paper co-authored with Anand Badola. This explores how audiences engage with influencer-style news on TikTok and Instagram.

The rise of such news influencers is a sign of the continuing crisis of journalism, and particularly its loss of younger audiences in favour of other voices. Some of these are explicitly ideological, including deeply problematic far-right actors. In response, major news organisations are also employing news influencers who employ similar content aesthetics and create more informal news content …